In architecture, choosing the right building materials is crucial to improving efficiency, ensuring structural integrity and maximizing performance, which ultimately sets the standard for the finished product. But because any building, from its exterior cladding to its framing system, consists of many layers and parts, understanding how they fit together and function can be just as important during design and fabrication. The technical specification of materials and building systems plays a key role in conveying this information, providing all the knowledge, properties and characteristics necessary for the success of any project. After all, the more you know about what’s between the walls and behind the finishes, the better your architecture will be.

While the sheets are often written, defining in words what cannot be drawn, they are often supplemented with detailed visualizations that make it easier to understand each building element. And in this modern digital age, where architects have advanced technologies at their disposal, this in-depth understanding and accurate representation of the material specification has never been easier.

With that in mind, below we delve into why it’s important to specify the materials and components that make up a building, and how modern visualization tools are essential to doing so.

What is material specification?
Whether wood or steel, each building material has its own unique characteristics. As a result, architects must base their selection on factors such as physical properties, quality, project context, manufacturing processes and costs. They must also choose materials that meet certain conditions, especially local climate requirements and regulations. To ensure that all standards are met, all this valuable information must be specified.

By dictionary definition, a specification is a complete and accurate presentation of something. In architecture, it refers to a detailed description of the materials and construction systems used throughout the design and construction phase of a project. It includes data and instructions on dimensions, construction, workmanship, assembly and installation requirements, as well as any other parameter that is mandatory to guarantee the performance of each product. They may also incorporate the brand name of each part that needs to be purchased. Usually prepared by an architect, engineer or designer, specifications give each of these professionals control over the final virtue and appearance of their projects. However, to be successful, they must be concise, accurate and, at the same time, deliver all the necessary details.

What is the role of visualization in material specification?
Architecture is best expressed through drawings, models and images. In other words, it communicates through the language of visualization, whether between architect and client or between the design professionals themselves. Thanks to rapid advances in computer technology over the past 30 years, techniques have evolved significantly. From 2D planimetry to immersive 3D experiences with software such as BIM, Rhino and Vray, models have reached unthinkable levels of accuracy. It is now possible to visualize projects in real time and integrate workflows during all phases, resulting in easier coordination, greater reliability and more efficient project management. Ultimately, graphics allow many of the problems that could occur at the construction site to be resolved in the early stages.

Common methods of visual representation include realistic renderings, collages and computer-drawn images. But when it comes to showing the internal layers that make up a structure rather than aesthetic finishes, more technical 3D graphics, such as exploded isometrics, tend to work best. For a close look at a timber framing or a steel beam-column joint, for example, these graphics provide levels of detail that would be difficult to achieve in ordinary two-dimensional designs. Therefore, when it comes to specifying materials with each of their intricacies and intricate parts, 3D visualization plays a critical role in providing that insight.

Digital models are essentially accurate representations of reality, which means it is possible to experiment and test how materials are assembled, how they will behave, and how they will feel and look in the finished product. By visualizing what they used to imagine, architects can now anticipate any design errors and specify the right products to ensure that all performance requirements are met. On the aesthetic side, visualization is helpful in predicting the end result, making it easier to select some materials over others. Creating a rendering can be used to choose between a matte or glossy finish, it can help predict how a certain type of wood will match stainless steel, or how a surface will create specific patterns, textures and shades. At the same time, clients and builders will receive this information in an easier and more didactic way, which obviously translates into better projects.

Architectural visualization is an art in itself. It can be beautiful, dynamic and unique. Clearly, it can also be extremely functional in specifying materials and building systems, taking apart all their parts and pieces. Looking to the future, the industry is heading towards Virtual and virtual and augmented reality , which could open up new multi-sensory possibilities that will undoubtedly have strong implications on material specification, hopefully leading to a higher quality built environment.

Credits: https://www.archdaily.com/